So what you have there is actually a dictionary rather than a list of strings. Dictionaries are a nice tool in python because they allow you to work with a key to access data. For example in your dictionary the keys are "name", "all_points_x", and "all_points_y" which when called return the respective values of ["polygon"] (this is a str), [319,469,573,685,786,1005,1008,839,684,576,515,335,319] (these are all ints), and [374,310,275,249,232,211,213,230,255,280,300,374,374] (also ints). So a simple answer to your question would be...
d = {"name":"polygon","all_points_x":[319,469,573,685,786,1005,1008,839,684,576,515,335,319],"all_points_y":[374,310,275,249,232,211,213,230,255,280,300,374,374]}
x_coordinates = []
y_coordinates = []
for i in d["all_points_x"]:
x_coordinates.append(i)
for i in d["all_points_y"]:
y_coordinates.append(i)
print(x_coordinates)
print(y_coordinates)
EDIT: Try something like this, converting the pandas element into a dictionary. (not sure what this will do to your keys)
import pandas
data = pandas.read_csv("data.csv")
d = data.to_dict()
...
EDIT2: I think this should be all you need, assuming you want ALL the x's and y's together.
import pandas
import json
x_coordinates = []
y_coordinates = []
data = pandas.read_csv("C://Users//Zak//Documents//Testing//dataset.csv")
data2 = list(data["region_shape_attributes"].values)
for i in data2:
d = json.loads(i)
for x in d["all_points_x"]:
x_coordinates.append(x)
for y in d["all_points_y"]:
y_coordinates.append(y)